Procrastination assessment scalestudent pass the pass was created by solomon and rothblum and includes 44 items in 2 parts. Author tuckman, bruce w abry, dennis title developing a motivational model of college achievement. People may use the following statements to describe themselves. Note that the 3 on the scale is neutral the statement is neither characteristic nor. Psychometric properties of the tuckman procrastination scale. The correlations between procrastination and gender, age, area of residence and number of siblings respectively were not significant. The german version of the tuckman procrastination scale tspd was included to quantify procrastination among the participants and analyzed by using spss for windows v21.
Pdf procrastination refers to the delay or postponement of a task or decision and is often conceptualised as a failure of selfregulation. Measuring procrastination attitudinally and behaviorally. Tuckman, 1991, a questionnaire that measures general levels of procrastination. A significant negative correlation was found between procrastination and academic achievement. Tuckman s stages of group development gpedia, your encyclopedia tuckmans stages of group development. To assess this construct, steel 2010 developed the pure procrastination scale pps, a short scale intended to capture the general notion of dysfunctional delay. Professor tuckman was also an avid runner who wrote the novel long road to boston 1998. Tuckman forming, storming norming and performing in groups. We consider his contribution and the models continuing use. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of procrastination on students life satisfaction among a group of college students. The unintentional procrastination scale pdf paperity.
The sample consisted of 200 university students including 155 women and 45 men students from social and natural sciences departments. Participants rated items on a likert scale from 1 thats really not. Academic procrastination and course performance among. In this sense procrastination isnt the behaviors done or not done, but is a behavior unto itself. This article is published with open access at abstract procrastination refers to the delay or postponement of a task or decision. Academic procrastination scale and the tuckman 1991 scale, as anticipated, were highly correlated r. Procrastination scores from the procrastination scale lay, 1986 covered a wide range of responses, however a mean score of about sixty with a standard deviation of just over twelve, meaning that the majority of the study population had a selfassessed procrastination level of over fifty percent and with a fair degree of concentration in the. No matter how wellorganized and committed you are, chances are that you have found yourself frittering away hours on trivial pursuits watching tv, updating your facebook status, shopping online when you should have been spending that time on work or schoolrelated projects. Procrastination quotient note that questions 2, 5, and 8 are scored in the opposite direction from the other items. Background while passive procrastination is usually associated with distress and dysfunction active procrastination may be an effective coping style.
His scale general procrastination scale gps consists of 20. In this regard, tuckman procrastination scale and satisfaction with life scale were administered to 314 214 female, 100 male college students. The pure procrastination scale so you want to do our own research study on procrastination. But procrastination isnt necessarily the mere lack of doing something, it is something that is causing the procrastinator not to do it. Meditation and procrastination future academy mafiadoc. Psychometric properties of the procrastination assessment. As a distinct behavior, procrastination can be characterized in several ways. To test this possibility, we examined passive and active procrastination in terms of temperament, character, and emotional intelligence ei, as well as by a shortterm longitudinal study. The tuckman procrastination scale was developed to measure pro crastination tendency on academically related tasks tuckman, 1991 and is widely used ferrari, et. Pdf the validity exploration of general procrastination. Construct validity of active procrastination 1 the construct validity of active procrastination. Most of the time people tend to blow the unpleasantness of having to do a certain task way out of proportion. Procrastination scale ps the 16item procrastination scale tuckman 1991 measures procrastination tendencies in students.
The tests are available as a portable document format pdf file or a word 2002 file click on the type of file that you would like to use. Correlates of academic procrastination and students grade. Frenchcanadian students from a junior college n 498 completed the academic motivation scale as well as an academic procrastination scale and other measures anxiety, selfesteem, and. Procrastination is a widespread phenomenon that affects everyones daytoday life and interferes with the clinical treatment of several psychopathological states. Whereas many books provide a simple list of tips, youll learn why a specific strategy works, what limiting belief it eliminates and how it can be immediately applied to your life. For each of the following measures, the items were summed after rescoring reversed items and the total score was used to represent the construct. Scores on the general selfefficacyscale had a median of 62 or a median scale score of 3. This may help give you some perspective about the task youre putting off. Tuckman produced one of the most quoted models of group development in the 1960s. You may be able to cut and paste the pdf file for your use, deleting information such as the scoring key that should not be seen by the participants. Jan 12, 2017 schemas mediate the link between procrastination and depression.
A unique form of procrastination, academic procrastination, is a lessstudied and unique outlet of procrastination that offers insight into some of the underlying causes of student failures. If something is neither relevant nor meaningful to you personally, it may. The scale consisted of 16 items on a 5point likerttype scale. Selfreported problems of procrastination appeared among 4% 5% of the adult population during the 1970s, compared to the most recent figures of 15% 20% steel, 2012. Arousal, avoidant and decisional procrastinators 1 running. A stepwise validation procedure was carried out to translate and develop a turkish version of the tuckman procrastination scale. Across the research literature over the past decade, it is recognized that procrastination is a form of selfregulation failure e.
The unintentional procrastination scale article pdf available in journal of rationalemotive and cognitivebehavior therapy 352. Note that the 3 on the scale is neutral the statement is neither characteristic nor uncharacteristic of you. Jun 30, 2019 procrastination is something that most people have at least a little experience with. Pdf psychometric properties of tuckman procrastination. The relationship between procrastination and academic. Feel free to use it for any research purpose or clinical purposes and adjust the scale length or anchors as you see fit. We used tuckmans 16item procrastination measure, which provides a measure of the tendency to waste time, delay, and intentionally put off something that should be done tuckman, 1991, p.
Arousal, avoidant and decisional procrastinators 4 on the other hand, the decisional, avoidant, arousal trichotomy of procrastination is also popular, first proposed by ferrari 1992b. The first part consists of 18 items measuring the level of procrastination in 6 academic domains. Every one of us puts things off now and then, but there are some of us who perpetually procrastinate at work and at home. International conference on education and educational.
Lay 1986 matched procrastination with traits, big 5 theory, perfectionism, anxiety, agitation, dejection, and selfdiscrepancy etc. Active and passive procrastination in terms of temperament. The formingstormingnormingperforming model of group development was first proposed by bruce tuckman in 1965, 1 who said that these phases are all necessary and inevitable in order for the team to grow, face up to challenges, tackle problems, find solutions, plan work, and deliver. Schemas mediate the link between procrastination and. A selfreport measure of procrastination tendencies was developed and tested by relating it to a behavioral measure of procrastination and to a selfreport measure of general efficacy. I often find myself performing tasks that i had intended to do days before. Finally the development and validation of the academic. A 72item likert scale was written and administered to 50 college juniors and seniors. According tosteel 2007, procrastination tends to increase with the publication year of the research, revealing a possible increase of procrastination in society in general. Psychological tests for student use york university. Psychometric properties of the tuckman procrastination scale in a turkish sample.
Heres the scale you have been looking for, the irrational procrastination scale ips. The impact of academic procrastination am academic performance on academic achievement amongst undergraduate students at a local university by lili sandhora mohd kasim thesis submitted to othman yeop abdullah graduate school of business universiti utara malaysia in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the master of human resource management. Each item on the tps asks respondents to rate their tendencies to behave in a particular way according to a 5point likert scale ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. The relationships between academic procrastination and. Procrastination and depression research on procrastination procrastination humor. The statements included, i delay making tough decisions, and answers ranged from strongly disagree 1 to strongly agree 5. Tuckman procrastination scale tps tuckman, 1991 own translation. In 1991 tuckman researched and developed a 32item procrastination scale that measured the degree to which a person procrastinated. Prevalence of academic procrastination and reasons for. For each statement, decide whether the statement is uncharacteristic or characteristic of you using the following 5 point scale. Document resume ed 319 792 author tuckman, bruce w.
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